Sonntag, 18. Dezember 2011

Andreas Helmke in der Zeit über »Individualisierung« des Unterrichts

In der Zeit erschien ein interessanter Artikel von dem Bildungsforscher Andreas Helmke über Individualisierung des Unterrichts.
Interessant deshalb, weil er die 7 G's erwähnt:
"Der gleiche Lehrer unterrichtet alle gleichaltrigen Schüler im gleichenTempo mit dem gleichen Material im gleichen Raum mit den gleichen Methoden und dem gleichen Ziel – das geht nicht mehr. Aber ebenso wenig muss der Lehrer nun für jeden Schüler ein eigenes Lernpaket schnüren und dreißig Förderpläne erstellen."
Dreißig Förderpakete? Na, da wollen wir mal die Kirche im Dorf lassen. Man sagt zwar immer, dass man das Unmögliche fordern sollte, aber Familie habe ich ja auch noch.
Aber, später im Interview, sagt er:
"Gerade kooperatives Lernen stellt hohe Ansprüche an den Lehrer. Das beginnt schon bei der Gruppenbildung. Manche Lehrer teilen einfach nur nach Leistung ein. Dann lernen die guten Schüler im schlimmsten Fall in der einen Ecke des Klassenraums, die schlechten in der anderen. Da kann aus der Binnendifferenzierung ein Akt der Etikettierung und Beschämung werden. Effektiver ist es, wenn leistungsstarke Schüler einmal die Rolle des Lehrers übernehmen und leistungsschwächere Klassenkameraden unterrichten. Aus Sicht der Forschung sind solche Helfersysteme sehr aussichtsreich."
Und kooperatives Lernen finde ich ja gut. Ich glaube, dass ich keine Dreißig Förderpakete schnüren kann, aber ich kann versuchen (!) mittels unterschiedliche Lernszenarien mir Freiräume innerhalb des Unterrichts zu schaffen, bei denen ich gezielt auf bestimmte Schüler zugehe und ihnen Räume schaffe, dass sie auf mich zugehen und wir gemeinsam weiter vorankommen. Dies erscheint mir keine Unmöglichkeit.
In den Kommentaren des Artikels wird nach der Zielsetzung und den gemeinsamen Abschlüssen gefragt - für mich ist Individualisierung und vergleichbare Abschlüsse kein Widerspruch, denn ich helfe den Schüler den eigenen Weg zu dem geeigneten Abschluß zu finden. Und wie wir alle wissen, lernen, arbeiten und organisieren wir uns nicht alle gleich.

Verwandter Artikel auf heimlicher-Lehrplan: http://heimlicher-lehrplan.blogspot.com/2011/11/personalisierung-differenzierung-und.html

Freitag, 16. Dezember 2011

Sarah Kay: Wenn ich eine Tochter haben sollte...

"Wenn ich eine Tocher haben sollte, wird sie mich an Stelle von Mama Plan B nennen..." beginnt die Spoken Word Dichterin Sarah Kay, in einem Vortrag der bei TED2011 zwei Stehbeifälle inspirierte. Sie erzählt die Geschichte ihrer Metamorphose – von einem blauäugigen Teenager, der Gedichte in New Yorks's Bowery Poetry Club in sich aufsaugt zu einer Lehrerin, die durch das Projekt V.O.I.C.E. Kinder mit der Kraft des Selbstausdrucks verbindet – und die zwei atemberaubende Gedichte von "B" und "Hiroshima" vorträgt.

http://www.ted.com/talks/lang/fr/sarah_kay_if_i_should_have_a_daughter.html#.TuuZ3RooKCw.facebook

Schulpflicht muss nicht sein

"Der Mythos: Die allgemeine Schulpflicht in Deutschland garantiert einen geordneten Schulbetrieb. Sie sorgt dafür, dass alle Kinder regelmäßig zur Schule gehen und erfüllt damit vor allem auch eine soziale Funktion. Denn gerade Kindern aus sozial schwachen Familien, in denen die Eltern sich wenig darum kümmern, ob ihr Nachwuchs zur Schule geht, verhilft sie - notfalls auch mit Bußgeldbescheiden oder in Härtefällen mit Polizeieinsatz - zu Bildung.
Die Wirklichkeit: Als die allgemeine Schulpflicht 1871 als Staatsaufgabe in ganz Deutschland eingeführt wurde, waren zwar auch soziale Argumente zu hören - Bildung sollte für das "einfache Volk" zur Verfügung stehen -, im Kern aber ging es um etwas anderes: Nun beanspruchte der Staat die Oberaufsicht über die Bildungseinrichtungen vollkommen für sich allein.
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Das Bildungsmonopol der Kirchen, das diese bis ins 18. Jahrhundert innegehabt hatten, wurde endgültig gebrochen. Heute jedoch wächst endlich die Einsicht, dass der Zwangscharakter der Schulpflicht die Bildungsfreiheiten unnötig einengt. Denn Eltern, die ihre Kinder weder den staatlichen Anstalten noch den konfessionellen oder pädagogischen Tendenzbetrieben wie Waldorf oder Montessori-Schulen anvertrauen möchten, haben keine Möglichkeit, die Bildung ihrer Kinder selbst in die Hand zu nehmen, etwa durch home-schooling, wie in den Vereinigten Staaten. Ein Blick in einige unserer Nachbarländer zeigt, dass auch ohne Schulpflicht keineswegs sofort das Bildungschaos ausbricht.
Nicht nur in den USA, auch in Großbritannien, Dänemark, Österreich oder Finnland besteht keine Schulpflicht. Dort herrscht stattdessen Bildungs- oder Unterrichtspflicht. Das bedeutet: Wo auch immer ein Kind lernt, ob bei den Eltern, bei Privatlehrern oder älteren Geschwistern, regelmäßig wird von staatlichen Institutionen überprüft, ob der Wissensstand demjenigen an öffentlichen Schulen entspricht. Um dieses Stückchen Bildungsfreiheit in Deutschland herzustellen, müsste nicht einmal das Grundgesetz geändert werden. Dort ist zwar die staatliche Schulaufsicht verankert, von einer allgemeinen Schulpflicht aber ist nicht die Rede."

Donnerstag, 15. Dezember 2011

IDEA's Here Reinventin' Education (Ice, Ice Baby IDEA Style)

"It's time to reinvent education. Will you donate your dollars or pledge a few dimes?
Visit http://www.youtube.com/redirect?q=http%3A%2F%2Ffundly.com%2Fdemocraticeducation&session_token=BezKdLWOE7Usiq1d87ly_5i_GWF8MTMyNDA3Nzg5NkAxMzIzOTkxNDk2, and pass it on.

To spread the word about our holiday fundraising goal, IDEA supporters around the country put together this music video, our take on "Ice, Ice Baby" by Vanilla Ice. We didn't spend a penny on it -- this was truly a grassroots effort.

We invited our organizers, staff, board members, youth, and other fans to submit footage. The response was amazing: people responded from seven states, plus Washington, D.C. and Puerto Rico. The fact that we turned the video around in four days is a testament to the national momentum that's growing toward meaningful change in education.

Read more about IDEA at www.democraticeducation.org"
 

Michio Kaku Why would anyone wonna be a cientist?


We are born cientist, and than? What happens?

Answer of Michio Kaku:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fjkVoW4Y3x0&feature=player_embedded

High School Speach: Valedictorian Speaks Out Against Indoctrination Schooling

http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=LD17aDBVhX8#!

"Here I stand
There is a story of a young, but earnest Zen student who approached his teacher, and asked the Master, “If I work very hard and diligently, how long will it take for me to find Zen? The Master thought about this, then replied, “Ten years . .” ?The student then said, “But what if I work very, very hard and really apply myself to learn fast — How long then?” Replied the Master, “Well, twenty years.” “But, if I really, really work at it, how long then?” asked the student. “Thirty years,” replied the Master. “But, I do not understand,” said the disappointed student. “At each time that I say I will work harder, you say it will take me longer. Why do you say that?” ?Replied the Master, “When you have one eye on the goal, you only have one eye on the path.”
This is the dilemma I’ve faced within the American education system. We are so focused on a goal, whether it be passing a test, or graduating as first in the class. However, in this way, we do not really learn. We do whatever it takes to achieve our original objective.
Some of you may be thinking, “Well, if you pass a test, or become valedictorian, didn’t you learn something? Well, yes, you learned something, but not all that you could have. Perhaps, you only learned how to memorize names, places, and dates to later on forget in order to clear your mind for the next test. School is not all that it can be. Right now, it is a place for most people to determine that their goal is to get out as soon as possible.
I am now accomplishing that goal. I am graduating. I should look at this as a positive experience, especially being at the top of my class. However, in retrospect, I cannot say that I am any more intelligent than my peers. I can attest that I am only the best at doing what I am told and working the system. Yet, here I stand, and I am supposed to be proud that I have completed this period of indoctrination. I will leave in the fall to go on to the next phase expected of me, in order to receive a paper document that certifies that I am capable of work. But I contest that I am a human being, a thinker, an adventurer – not a worker. A worker is someone who is trapped within repetition – a slave of the system set up before him. But now, I have successfully shown that I was the best slave. I did what I was told to the extreme. While others sat in class and doodled to later become great artists, I sat in class to take notes and become a great test-taker. While others would come to class without their homework done because they were reading about an interest of theirs, I never missed an assignment. While others were creating music and writing lyrics, I decided to do extra credit, even though I never needed it. So, I wonder, why did I even want this position? Sure, I earned it, but what will come of it? When I leave educational institutionalism, will I be successful or forever lost? I have no clue about what I want to do with my life; I have no interests because I saw every subject of study as work, and I excelled at every subject just for the purpose of excelling, not learning. And quite frankly, now I’m scared.
John Taylor Gatto, a retired school teacher and activist critical of compulsory schooling, asserts, “We could encourage the best qualities of youthfulness – curiosity, adventure, resilience, the capacity for surprising insight simply by being more flexible about time, texts, and tests, by introducing kids into truly competent adults, and by giving each student what autonomy he or she needs in order to take a risk every now and then. But we don’t do that.” Between these cinderblock walls, we are all expected to be the same. We are trained to ace every standardized test, and those who deviate and see light through a different lens are worthless to the scheme of public education, and therefore viewed with contempt.
H. L. Mencken wrote in The American Mercury for April 1924 that the aim of public education is not “to fill the young of the species with knowledge and awaken their intelligence. … Nothing could be further from the truth. The aim … is simply to reduce as many individuals as possible to the same safe level, to breed and train a standardized citizenry, to put down dissent and originality. That is its aim in the United States.”
Comment: The full passage reads: “The aim of public education is not to spread enlightenment at all; it is simply to reduce as many individuals as possible to the same safe level, to breed and train a standardized citizenry, to down dissent and originality. That is its aim in the United States, whatever pretensions of politicians, pedagogues other such mountebanks, and that is its aim everywhere else.”
To illustrate this idea, doesn’t it perturb you to learn about the idea of “critical thinking.” Is there really such a thing as “uncritically thinking?” To think is to process information in order to form an opinion. But if we are not critical when processing this information, are we really thinking? Or are we mindlessly accepting other opinions as truth?
This was happening to me, and if it wasn’t for the rare occurrence of an avant-garde tenth grade English teacher, Donna Bryan, who allowed me to open my mind and ask questions before accepting textbook doctrine, I would have been doomed. I am now enlightened, but my mind still feels disabled. I must retrain myself and constantly remember how insane this ostensibly sane place really is.
And now here I am in a world guided by fear, a world suppressing the uniqueness that lies inside each of us, a world where we can either acquiesce to the inhuman nonsense of corporatism and materialism or insist on change. We are not enlivened by an educational system that clandestinely sets us up for jobs that could be automated, for work that need not be done, for enslavement without fervency for meaningful achievement. We have no choices in life when money is our motivational force. Our motivational force ought to be passion, but this is lost from the moment we step into a system that trains us, rather than inspires us.
We are more than robotic bookshelves, conditioned to blurt out facts we were taught in school. We are all very special, every human on this planet is so special, so aren’t we all deserving of something better, of using our minds for innovation, rather than memorization, for creativity, rather than futile activity, for rumination rather than stagnation? We are not here to get a degree, to then get a job, so we can consume industry-approved placation after placation. There is more, and more still.
The saddest part is that the majority of students don’t have the opportunity to reflect as I did. The majority of students are put through the same brainwashing techniques in order to create a complacent labor force working in the interests of large corporations and secretive government, and worst of all, they are completely unaware of it. I will never be able to turn back these 18 years. I can’t run away to another country with an education system meant to enlighten rather than condition. This part of my life is over, and I want to make sure that no other child will have his or her potential suppressed by powers meant to exploit and control. We are human beings. We are thinkers, dreamers, explorers, artists, writers, engineers. We are anything we want to be – but only if we have an educational system that supports us rather than holds us down. A tree can grow, but only if its roots are given a healthy foundation.
For those of you out there that must continue to sit in desks and yield to the authoritarian ideologies of instructors, do not be disheartened. You still have the opportunity to stand up, ask questions, be critical, and create your own perspective. Demand a setting that will provide you with intellectual capabilities that allow you to expand your mind instead of directing it. Demand that you be interested in class. Demand that the excuse, “You have to learn this for the test” is not good enough for you. Education is an excellent tool, if used properly, but focus more on learning rather than getting good grades.
For those of you that work within the system that I am condemning, I do not mean to insult; I intend to motivate. You have the power to change the incompetencies of this system. I know that you did not become a teacher or administrator to see your students bored. You cannot accept the authority of the governing bodies that tell you what to teach, how to teach it, and that you will be punished if you do not comply. Our potential is at stake.
For those of you that are now leaving this establishment, I say, do not forget what went on in these classrooms. Do not abandon those that come after you. We are the new future and we are not going to let tradition stand. We will break down the walls of corruption to let a garden of knowledge grow throughout America. Once educated properly, we will have the power to do anything, and best of all, we will only use that power for good, for we will be cultivated and wise. We will not accept anything at face value. We will ask questions, and we will demand truth.
So, here I stand. I am not standing here as valedictorian by myself. I was molded by my environment, by all of my peers who are sitting here watching me. I couldn’t have accomplished this without all of you. It was all of you who truly made me the person I am today. It was all of you who were my competition, yet my backbone. In that way, we are all valedictorians.
I am now supposed to say farewell to this institution, those who maintain it, and those who stand with me and behind me, but I hope this farewell is more of a “see you later” when we are all working together to rear a pedagogic movement. But first, let’s go get those pieces of paper that tell us that we’re smart enough to do so!"
http://www.bspcn.com/2010/08/01/the-best-high-school-valedictorian-speech/

Dienstag, 13. Dezember 2011

Mein Traum von der Grünen Schule

"Begleite John Hardy auf einer Tour durch die Grüne Schule, seiner aussergewöhnlichen Schule auf Bali, wo Kinder Bauen und Gärtnern lernen, wo sie schöpferisch sind (und es damit an die höhere Schule schaffen). Das Kernstück des Campus ist das spiralförmige Herz der Schule, vielleicht das weltweit größte freistehende Bamusgebäude."

http://www.ted.com/talks/lang/es/john_hardy_my_green_school_dream.html